Clip

Clip Clip Clip By Maeve Maddox A reader was puzzled by the use of clip in the following sentence: Amazon has been adding distribution facilities at a clip. Says the reader, I have typically seen this as â€Å"rapid clip,† and in looking in the dictionary noted that â€Å"clip† as a noun refers to rate, which means it would need some type of modifier to signify speed. However, I also noted at there is a definition of it as a verb meaning â€Å"to move swiftly.† As a result, I’m wondering if use of â€Å"clip† as a noun has taken on this meaning so that an adjective is no longer necessary. Clip has more than one meaning, both as a noun and as a verb. The verbs came before the nouns. The verb that gives us the â€Å"holding on† sense of clip derives from the Old English verb, clyppan: â€Å"to clasp with the arms, to embrace, or to hug.† From this verb we get nouns with the following meanings: clip: an embrace or a hug (now obsolete) clip: a device that grips objects tightly. Examples of this kind of clip are: hair clips, bicycle clips, a potato chip bag clip, etc. A synonym is clamp. clip: a receptacle containing several cartridges held together at the base for insertion bodily into the magazine of a repeating firearm. clip: a piece of jewelry that may be clipped onto clothing. Other nouns come from a different verb that means â€Å"to cut with scissors or shears.† This clip came into Middle English from a Scandinavian source. From it come the following nouns: clip: shears (for cutting wool) clip: a piece that has been clipped off of something clip: a smart blow, stroke, or â€Å"cut.† For example, He gave him a clip across the mouth. clip: a rate of speed; a rapid pace or motion (colloquial) Now I’ll address the reader’s two-part question. Clip used as a verb to mean ‘to move rapidly† is first cited in 1833. It may have acquired this meaning from the fact that clippers in the hand of an expert move very fast. The earliest date for the noun meaning â€Å"rate† is later than for the verb (1867), so there probably is a connection between them. However, clip may be used with or without a modifier. The following citations illustrate the use of the noun clip with and without modifiers: 1867 It is believed that he can go a four-minute clip. 1887 We are goin wi a clip now. (We are going with a clip now.) 1893 In three days I could drive him any ‘clip’ I chose by just talking to him. 1893 Lastly, the bicyclists rode from six to ten miles daily at a stiff clip. 1901 [The ship] traveled at a 12-knot clip. 1911 Youll never finish your book at all at the clip youre hitting now. 1929 The infield was functioning at an improved clip during this second game. 1941 That dog can keep up a terrific clip. 1967 Romance and marriage among corporations is rolling along at a torrid paceThe brisk clip continues this year. The reader’s example fits right in: â€Å"Amazon has been adding distribution facilities at a clip.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of HumorTaser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?Affect vs. Effect

Pierre Bourdieu Biography and His Work

Pierre Bourdieu Biography and His Work Pierre Bourdieu was a renowned sociologist and public intellectual who made significant contributions to  general sociological theory, theorizing the link between education and culture, and research into the intersections of taste, class, and education. He is well known for pioneering such terms as symbolic violence, cultural capital, and habitus. His book  Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste  is the most cited sociology text in recent decades. Biography Bourdieu was born August 1, 1930, in Denguin, France, and died in Paris on January 23, 2002. He grew up in a small village in the south of France and attended a public high school nearby before moving to Paris to attend  the Lycà ©e Louis-le-Grand. Following that, Bourdieu studied philosophy at the École Normale Supà ©rieure- also in Paris. Career and Later Life Upon graduation, Bourdieu taught philosophy at the high school of Moulins, a small town in mid-central France, before serving in the French army in Algeria, then taking a post as lecturer in Algiers in 1958. Bourdieu conducted ethnographic research  while the Algerian War continued. He studied the conflict via the Kabyle people, and the results of this study were published in Bourdieus first book, Sociologie de LAlgerie (The Sociology of  Algeria). Following his time in Algiers, Bourdieu returned to Paris in 1960. Shortly after he commenced teaching at the University of Lille, where he worked until 1964. It was at this time that Bourdieu became Director of Studies at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales and founded the Center for European Sociology. In 1975 Bourdieu helped found the interdisciplinary journal Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, which he shepherded until his death. Through this journal, Bourdieu sought to denationalize social science, to break down the preconceived notions of ordinary and scholarly common sense, and to break out of established forms of scientiï ¬ c communication by commingling analysis, raw data, ï ¬ eld documents, and pictorial illustrations. Indeed, the motto for this journal was to display and to demonstrate. Bourdieu received many honors and awards in his life, including Mà ©daille dOr du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in 1993;  the Goffman Prize from the University of California, Berkeley in 1996; and in 2001, the Huxley Medal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. Influences Bourdieus work was influenced by founders of sociology, including Max Weber, Karl Marx, and Émile Durkheim, as well as by other scholars from the disciplines of anthropology and philosophy. Major Publications The School as a Conservative Force (1966)Outline of a Theory of Practice (1977)Reproduction in Education, Society, and Culture (1977)Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste (1984)Forms of Capital (1986)Language and Symbolic Power  (1991)